Tetanɔ́si
Tetanɔ́si, ezalí infection oyo eza kosalema mpeza na bokauki ya misunyi ya nzoto. Mingi mingi bokauki ebandaka na mbanga ebongo ekobi nzoto mobimba. Bokauki oyo mingi mingi eumelaka mua ba minuti mbala nionso mpe esalemaka mingi mingi mbala misato to minei na poso.[1] Bokauki ekoki kozala makasi kino ata kobuka mikuwa.[2] Bilembo mosusu ekoki kozala fièvre, kotoka, moto mpasi, mpasi komela eloko, hypertension artérielle, mpe motema kobeta mbangu.[1][2] Komonana ya bilembo mingi mingi ezwa mikolo misato kino ntuku mibale na moko sima ya kozala infecté. Ekoki kozwa mua ba sanza mpo na mutu abika. Pene na 10% ya baye bazalaka infecté bakufaka.[1]
Tetanɔ́si ezwamaka na nzela ya bactérie Clostridium tetani,[1] oyo ezalaka mingi mingi na mabele, pousière mpe fumier.[3] Mingi mpeza bactérie ekotelaka na esika loposo efungwami neti pota to lidusu ya pota oyo ekatemi na eloko oyo eza contaminé.[3] Ebotaka ba toxins oyo epesaka mbilinga mbilinga na contraction ya misunyi ya nzoto mpe komema bilembo biye biyebani.[4] Diagnostic elandanaka na bilembo biye bimonani. Bokono oyo ekobalamaka te na batu.[1]
Mpo na komibatela na infection esengeli kozwa mangwele oyo elongobani yango ezali bongo Mángwelé ma tetanɔ́si. Mpo na baye baza na pota monene mpe bazwa na se ya dose misato ya mangwele esengeli nabango mangwele nionso na oyo ya immuno-globuline mpo na tétanos. Mpo na baye bazwi infection, esengeli kosalela immuno-globuline to soki eza te basalela immuno-globuline ya kokotisa na mizisa (IVIG). Esengeli kosukola pota mpe kolongola poso nionso ya kokufa.[1] Bakoki kosalela ba relaxant ya ba muscles mpo na kocontrôler bokauki. Pakapaka ya kopesa mopepe ekoki kosengela mpo na mutu oyo aza na mikakatano mpo na kopema.[4]
Tétanos ebimelaka bisika nionso ya mokili kasi mingi mingi bisika ya molunge mpe mayi mayi epayi mabele eza na matère organique ebele.[1] Na mobu ya 2013 ememaki liwa ya batu pene na 59,000 – motango oyo mokitaki kowuta na 356,000 na mobu ya 1990.[5] Hippocrate atatolaki bokono oyo uta kala na siècle ya 5 Liboso ya Mbotama ya Kristo. Ntina ya bokono oyo esembolamaki na mobu ya 1884 na Antonio Carle mpe Giorgio Rattone na Université ya Turin mpe mangwele esalemaki na mobu ya 1924.[1]
References
kokoma- ↑ 1,0 1,1 1,2 1,3 1,4 1,5 1,6 et 1,7 (en) William Atkinson, Tetanus Epidemiology and Prevention of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases, 12, , 291–300 p. (ISBN 9780983263135, lire en ligne)
- ↑ 2,0 et 2,1 "Tetanus Symptoms and Complications". January 9, 2013. http://www.cdc.gov/tetanus/about/symptoms-complications.html. Retrieved 12 February 2015.
- ↑ 3,0 et 3,1 "Tetanus Causes and Transmission". January 9, 2013. http://www.cdc.gov/tetanus/about/causes-transmission.html. Retrieved 12 February 2015.
- ↑ 4,0 et 4,1 "Tetanus For Clinicians". January 9, 2013. http://www.cdc.gov/tetanus/clinicians.html. Retrieved 12 February 2015.
- ↑ GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death, Collaborators (17 December 2014). "Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240 causes of death, 1990-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013.". Lancet 385 (9963): 117–71. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61682-2. PMID 25530442.